Brazil is the largest country in South America, both in terms of area and population. Covering over 8.5 million square kilometers, it is the fifth-largest country in the world, stretching across most of the eastern part of the continent and sharing borders with every South American nation except Chile and Ecuador. Brazil’s vast territory includes diverse ecosystems such as the Amazon Rainforest, the world’s largest tropical rainforest, as well as expansive savannas and coastal regions. The capital is Brasília, while São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro are its largest and most globally recognized cities.
As of 2025, Brazil had a population of over 212,812,405 people (UN), making it the seventh most populous country worldwide and the largest in Latin America. It is a federal presidential republic with a multi-party political system. The President serves as both head of state and government. In recent years, Brazil has experienced political polarization, economic instability, and public demands for reforms, but it remains a major regional power.
Economically, Brazil is the largest economy in Latin America and is ranked around 9th globally in terms of nominal GDP in 2024. The country is rich in natural resources, particularly iron ore, oil, and agricultural products like soybeans, sugar, and coffee. It has a diverse industrial base and a growing services sector. However, Brazil continues to struggle with high inequality, public debt, and infrastructure challenges.
The dominant religion is Christianity, with Roman Catholicism being the largest denomination, followed by a growing number of Evangelical Christians. Despite its challenges, Brazil remains a key player in global environmental discussions and a cultural powerhouse, known for its music, festivals, and football.
Federative Republic of Brazil