India is a vast and diverse country located in South Asia, sharing borders with Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. It is the seventh-largest country by land area and the most populous in the world, with an estimated population of over 1,463,865,525 people (Data from UN) as of 2025. India is a federal parliamentary democratic republic, with its capital in New Delhi. The country is divided into 28 states and 8 union territories, each with its own unique linguistic, cultural, and historical identity.
Religiously diverse, India is the birthplace of major world religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. Hinduism is the dominant religion, practiced by around 80% of the population, followed by Islam, Christianity, and other faiths. This diversity is reflected in its festivals, languages (with Hindi and English as official languages), and traditions.
Economically, India is one of the fastest-growing major economies and became the world’s fifth-largest economy in 2023, surpassing the United Kingdom. With a mixed economy structure, major sectors include services, manufacturing, agriculture, and a rapidly growing digital and technology industry. Urban centers like Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad are major economic hubs. Despite impressive growth, India continues to face challenges such as income inequality, infrastructure development, and rural poverty. Politically, it plays an increasingly important role in global affairs, being a member of BRICS, G20, and a strategic partner of major global powers.
India’s sheer scale, young population, and economic dynamism make it a pivotal player in the 21st century’s geopolitical and economic landscape.
Republic of India